Gelombang Optik
4 SKS
Dosen:
1. Dr. Andhy Setiawan, S.Pd., M.Si.
2. Lina Aviyanti, S.Pd., M.Si.
Sumber Buku:
Drs. Taufik Ramlan Ramalis, M.Si.
In electronics, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of high frequency periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with respect to a modulating signal. This is done in a similar fashion as a musician may modulate the tone from a musical instrument by varying itsvolume, timing and pitch. The three key parameters of a periodic waveform are its amplitude ("volume"), its phase ("timing") and its frequency("pitch"), all of which can be modified in accordance with a low frequency signal to obtain the modulated signal. Typically a high-frequency sinusoidwaveform is used as carrier signal, but a square wave pulse train may also occur.
In telecommunications, modulation is the process of conveying a message signal, for example a digital bit stream or an analog audio signal, inside another signal that can be physically transmitted. Modulation of a sine waveform is used in view to transform a baseband message signal to a passband signal, for example a radio-frequency signal (RF signal). In radio communications, cable TV systems or the public switched telephone network for instance, electrical signals can only be transferred over a limited passband frequency spectrum, with specific (non-zero) lower and upper cutoff frequencies. Modulating a sine wave carrier makes it possible to keep the frequency content of the transferred signal as close as possible to the centre frequency (typically the carrier frequency) of the passband.
In music synthesizers, modulation may be used to synthesise waveforms with a desired overtone spectrum. In this case the carrier frequency is typically in the same order or much lower than the modulating waveform. See for example frequency modulation synthesis or ring modulation.
A device that performs modulation is known as a modulator and a device that performs the inverse operation of modulation is known as ademodulator (sometimes detector or demod). A device that can do both operations is a modem (short for "Modulator-Demodulator").
Passband modulation techniques |
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Analog modulation |
AM · SSB · QAM · FM · PM · SM |
Digital modulation |
FSK · ASK · OOK · PSK · QAM MSK · CPM · PPM · TCM OFDM · SC-FDE |
Spread spectrum |
CSS · DSSS · FHSS · THSS |
See also: Demodulation, modem, line coding, PAM, PWM, PCM |
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